為全面建設社會主義現代化國家而團結奮斗

——在中國共產黨第二十次全國代表大會上的報告

Hold High the Great Banner of Socialism with Chinese

Characteristics and Strive in Unity to

Build a Modern Socialist Country in All Respects

Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China

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五、實施科教興國戰略，強化現代化建設人才支撐

V. Invigorating China through Science and Education and Developing a Strong Workforce for the Modernization Drive

教育、科技、人才是全面建設社會主義現代化國家的基礎性、戰略性支撐。

Education, science and technology, and human resources are the foundational and strategic pillars for building a modern socialist country in all respects.

必須堅持科技是第一生產力、人才是第一資源、創新是第一動力，深入實施科教興國戰略、人才強國戰略、創新驅動發展戰略，開辟發展新領域新賽道，不斷塑造發展新動能新優勢。

We must regard science and technology as our primary productive force, talent as our primary resource, and innovation as our primary driver of growth. We will fully implement the strategy for invigorating China through science and education, the workforce development strategy, and the innovation-driven development strategy. We will open up new areas and new arenas in development and steadily foster new growth drivers and new strengths.

我們要堅持教育優先發展、科技自立自強、人才引領驅動，加快建設教育強國、科技強國、人才強國，堅持為黨育人、為國育才，全面提高人才自主培養質量，著力造就拔尖創新人才，聚天下英才而用之。

We will continue to give high priority to the development of education, build China's self-reliance and strength in science and technology, and rely on talent to pioneer and to propel development. We will speed up work to build a strong educational system, greater scientific and technological strength, and a quality workforce. We will continue efforts to cultivate talent for the Party and the country and comprehensively improve our ability to nurture talent at home. All this will see us producing first-class innovators and attracting the brightest minds from all over.

(一)辦好人民滿意的教育

1.Developing education that meets the people's expectations

全面貫徹黨的教育方針，落實立德樹人根本任務，培養德智體美勞全面發展的社會主義建設者和接班人。

We will fully implement the Party's educational policy, carry out the basic task of fostering virtue through education, and nurture a new generation of capable young people with sound moral grounding, intellectual ability, physical vigor, aesthetic sensibility, and work skills who will fully develop socialism and carry forward the socialist cause.

堅持以人民為中心發展教育，加快建設高質量教育體系，發展素質教育，促進教育公平。

We will continue to follow a people-centered approach to developing education, move faster to build a high-quality educational system, advance students' well-rounded development, and promote fairness in education.

（二）完善科技創新體系

2.Improving systems for scientific and technological innovation

完善黨中央對科技工作統一領導的體制，健全新型舉國體制，強化國家戰略科技力量，優化配置創新資源，優化國家科研機構、高水平研究型大學、科技領軍企業定位和布局，形成國家實驗室體系，統籌推進國際科技創新中心、區域科技創新中心建設，加強科技基礎能力建設，強化科技戰略咨詢，提升國家創新體系整體效能。

We will improve the system in which the Party Central Committee exercises unified leadership over science and technology work. We will improve the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to make key technological breakthroughs. We will boost China's strength in strategic science and technology, better allocate innovation resources, and better define the roles of national research institutes, advanced-level research universities, and leading high-tech enterprises to improve their layout. We will establish a system of national laboratories, coordinate the development of international and regional centers for scientific and technological innovation, enhance basic scientific and technological capacity, and ensure better strategic input from the science and technology sector, so as to boost the overall performance of China's innovation system.

（三）加快實施創新驅動發展戰略

3.Accelerating the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy

堅持面向世界科技前沿、面向經濟主戰場、面向國家重大需求、面向人民生命健康，加快實現高水平科技自立自強。

Setting our sights on the global frontiers of science and technology, national economic development, the major needs of the country, and the health and safety of the people, we should speed up efforts to achieve greater self-reliance and strength in science and technology.

（四）深入實施人才強國戰略

4.Implementing the workforce development strategy

堅持黨管人才原則，堅持尊重勞動、尊重知識、尊重人才、尊重創造，實施更加積極、更加開放、更加有效的人才政策，引導廣大人才愛黨報國、敬業奉獻、服務人民。

We should follow the principle of the Party managing talent, and we should respect work, knowledge, talent, and creativity. We will adopt more proactive, open, and effective policies on talent and encourage our talent to love the Party, dedicate themselves to the country and contribute to its cause, and serve the people.

六、發展全過程人民民主，保障人民當家作主

VI. Advancing Whole-Process People's Democracy and Ensuring that the People Run the Country

我國是工人階級領導的、以工農聯盟為基礎的人民民主專政的社會主義國家，國家一切權力屬于人民。

China is a socialist country of people's democratic dictatorship under the leadership of the working class based on an alliance of workers and farmers; all power of the state in China belongs to the people.

全過程人民民主是社會主義民主政治的本質屬性，是最廣泛、最真實、最管用的民主。

Whole-process people's democracy is the defining feature of socialist democracy; it is democracy in its broadest, most genuine, and most effective form.

必須堅定不移走中國特色社會主義政治發展道路，堅持黨的領導、人民當家作主、依法治國有機統一，堅持人民主體地位，充分體現人民意志、保障人民權益、激發人民創造活力。

We must firmly stay on the path of socialist political advancement with Chinese characteristics, uphold the unity between Party leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance, and ensure the principal position of the people, so as to give full expression to their will, protect their rights and interests, and spark their creativity.

我們要健全人民當家作主制度體系，擴大人民有序政治參與，保證人民依法實行民主選舉、民主協商、民主決策、民主管理、民主監督，發揮人民群眾積極性、主動性、創造性，鞏固和發展生動活潑、安定團結的政治局面。

We will improve the system of institutions through which the people run the country. We will encourage the people's orderly participation in political affairs and guarantee their ability to engage in democratic elections, consultations, decision-making, management, and oversight in accordance with the law. We will inspire the people's motivation, initiative, and creativity, so as to consolidate and develop a lively, stable, and united political atmosphere.

（一）加強人民當家作主制度保障

1.Strengthening the institutions through which the people run the country

（二）全面發展協商民主

2.Fully developing consultative democracy

（三）積極發展基層民主

3.Actively developing democracy at the primary level

（四）鞏固和發展最廣泛的愛國統一戰線

4.Consolidating and developing the broadest possible patriotic united front

堅持我國宗教中國化方向，積極引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應。

We will remain committed to the principle that religions in China must be Chinese in orientation and provide active guidance to religions so that they can adapt to socialist society.

七、堅持全面依法治國，推進法治中國建設

VII. Exercising Law-Based Governance on All Fronts and Advancing the Rule of Law in China

全面依法治國是國家治理的一場深刻革命，關系黨執政興國，關系人民幸福安康，關系黨和國家長治久安。

The comprehensive advancement of law-based governance has been a profound revolution in China's governance. Law-based governance is important for the Party's success in governing and rejuvenating the country, for the wellbeing of the people, and for the long-term stability of the Party and the country.

我們要堅持走中國特色社會主義法治道路，建設中國特色社會主義法治體系、建設社會主義法治國家，圍繞保障和促進社會公平正義，堅持依法治國、依法執政、依法行政共同推進，堅持法治國家、法治政府、法治社會一體建設，全面推進科學立法、嚴格執法、公正司法、全民守法，全面推進國家各方面工作法治化。

We must follow a path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, develop a Chinese system of socialist rule of law, and establish China as a socialist country under the rule of law. We must, with a focus on protecting and promoting social fairness and justice, pursue coordinated progress in law-based governance, law-based exercise of state power, and law-based government administration and take integrated steps to build a country, government, and society based on the rule of law. We will make all-around efforts to ensure sound legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and society-wide observance of the law and see that all work of the state is carried out under the rule of law.

(一)完善以憲法為核心的中國特色社會主義法律體系

1.Improving the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics with the Constitution at its core

堅持依法治國首先要堅持依憲治國，堅持依法執政首先要堅持依憲執政，堅持憲法確定的中國共產黨領導地位不動搖，堅持憲法確定的人民民主專政的國體和人民代表大會制度的政體不動搖。

Law-based governance and law-based exercise of state power begin with compliance with the Constitution. We must remain firmly committed to leadership of the Party, to the state system of people's democratic dictatorship, and to the political system of people's congresses, all of which are mandated by the Constitution.

加強憲法實施和監督，健全保證憲法全面實施的制度體系，更好發揮憲法在治國理政中的重要作用，維護憲法權威。

We will better implement the Constitution and conduct constitutional oversight, and we will improve the systems for ensuring full compliance with the Constitution, so as to give better play to the Constitution's important role in China's governance and uphold its authority.

（二）扎實推進依法行政

2.Steadily advancing law-based government administration

法治政府建設是全面依法治國的重點任務和主體工程。

Building a law-based government is a key task and major part of comprehensively advancing law-based governance.

（三）嚴格公正司法

3.Ensuring strict and impartial administration of justice

深化司法體制綜合配套改革，全面準確落實司法責任制，加快建設公正高效權威的社會主義司法制度，努力讓人民群眾在每一個司法案件中感受到公平正義。

We will deepen comprehensive and integrated reform of the judicial system, fully and faithfully enforce judicial accountability, and accelerate the development of a fair, efficient, and authoritative socialist judicial system. We will see that the people feel justice has been served in each and every judicial case.

（四）加快建設法治社會

4.Stepping up efforts to establish the rule of law throughout society

弘揚社會主義法治精神，傳承中華優秀傳統法律文化，引導全體人民做社會主義法治的忠實崇尚者、自覺遵守者、堅定捍衛者。

We will promote socialist rule of law and carry forward fine traditional Chinese legal culture, and we will encourage all our people to truly revere, readily observe, and firmly defend socialist rule of law.

八、推進文化自信自強，鑄就社會主義文化新輝煌

VIII. Building Cultural Confidence and Strength and Securing New Successes in Developing Socialist Culture

全面建設社會主義現代化國家，必須堅持中國特色社會主義文化發展道路，增強文化自信。

To build a modern socialist country in all respects, we must develop a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics and be more confident in our culture.

我們要堅持馬克思主義在意識形態領域指導地位的根本制度，堅持為人民服務、為社會主義服務，堅持百花齊放、百家爭鳴，堅持創造性轉化、創新性發展，以社會主義核心價值觀為引領，發展社會主義先進文化，弘揚革命文化，傳承中華優秀傳統 文化，滿足人民日益增長的精神文化需求，鞏固全黨全國各族人民團結奮斗的共同思 想基礎，不斷提升國家文化軟實力和中華文化影響力。

We should uphold the foundational system for ensuring the guiding role of Marxism in the ideological domain. We will ensure that culture serves the people and serves socialism. We will follow the principle of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and we will encourage creative transformation and innovative development of traditional Chinese culture. Guided by the core socialist values, we will develop advanced socialist culture, promote revolutionary culture, and carry forward fine traditional Chinese culture, In doing so, we will be well-placed to meet people's eve-growing intellectual and cultural needs, consolidate a common intellectual foundation for the whole Party and all Chinese people to strive in unity, and continuously grow China's cultural soft power and the appeal of Chinese culture.

（一）建設具有強大凝聚力和引領力的社會主義意識形態

1.Developing a socialist ideology that has the power to unite and inspire the people

牢牢掌握黨對意識形態工作領導權，全面落實意識形態工作責任制，鞏固壯大奮進新時代的主流思想輿論。

We must ensure that the Party firmly exercises leadership over this work and that the responsibility system for it is fully implemented. We will cement and expand the mainstream thoughts and ideas that inspire hard work in the new era.

（二）廣泛踐行社會主義核心價值觀

2.Extensively applying the core socialist values

弘揚以偉大建黨精神為源頭的中國共產黨人精神譜系，用好紅色資源，深入開展社會主義核心價值觀宣傳教育，深化愛國主義、集體主義、社會主義教育，著力培養擔當民族復興大任的時代新人。

We will carry forward the long line of inspiring principles for the Chinese Communists that originated with the great founding spirit of the Party; put resources related to the Party's heritage to great use; conduct extensive public awareness activities to promote the core socialist values; enhance commitment to patriotism, collectivism, and socialism; and foster a new generation of young people to shoulder the mission of realizing national rejuvenation.

（三）提高全社會文明程度

3.Enhancing civility throughout society

實施公民道德建設工程，弘揚中華傳統美德，加強家庭家教家風建設，加強和改進未成年人思想道德建設，推動明大德、守公德、嚴私德，提高人民道德水準和文明素養。

We will continue the civic morality campaign, carry forward traditional Chinese virtues, foster stronger family ties, values, and traditions, and raise the intellectual and moral standards of minors. We will build public commitment to the greater good, public morality, and personal integrity. These efforts will help raise public moral standards and enhance public civility.

（四）繁榮發展文化事業和文化產業

4.Developing cultural programs and the cultural sector

堅持以人民為中心的創作導向，推出更多增強人民精神力量的優秀作品，培育造就大批德藝雙馨的文學藝術家和規模宏大的文化文藝人才隊伍。

We will encourage people-centered cultural creation and production of more outstanding works that inspire the people, and we will nurture a great number of writers and artists of both moral and artistic stature as well as a large contingent of talented personnel in culture and the arts.

（五）增強中華文明傳播力影響力

5.Extending the reach and appeal of Chinese civilization

堅守中華文化立場，提煉展示中華文明的精神標識和文化精髓，加快構建中國話語和中國敘事體系，講好中國故事、傳播好中國聲音，展現可信、可愛、可敬的中國形象。

We will stay firmly rooted in Chinese culture. We will collect and refine the defining symbols and best elements of Chinese culture and showcase them to the world. We will accelerate the development of China's discourse and narrative systems, better tell China's stories, make China's voice heard, and present a China that is credible, appealing, and respectable.

加強國際傳播能力建設，全面提升國際傳播效能，形成同我國綜合國力和國際地位相匹配的國際話語權。

We will strengthen our international communications capabilities, make our communications more effective, and strive to strengthen China's voice in international affairs so it is commensurate with our composite national strength and international status.

九、增進民生福祉，提高人民生活品質

IX. Improving the People's Wellbeing and Raising Quality of Life

江山就是人民，人民就是江山。

This country is its people; the people are the country.

我們要實現好、維護好、發展好最廣大人民根本利益，緊緊抓住人民最關心最直接最現實的利益問題，堅持盡力而為、量力而行，深入群眾、深入基層，采取更多惠民生、暖民心舉措，著力解決好人民群眾急難愁盼問題，健全基本公共服務體系，提高公共服務水平，增強均衡性和可及性，扎實推進共同富裕。

We must strive to realize, safeguard, and advance the fundamental interests of all our people. To this end, we must do everything within our capacity to resolve the most practical problems that are of the greatest and most direct concern to the people. We will stay engaged with our people and their communities, adopt more measures that deliver real benefits to the people and win their approval, and work hard to resolve the pressing difficulties and problems that concern them most. We will improve the basic public services system to raise public service standards and make public services more balanced and accessible, so as to achieve solid progress in promoting common prosperity.

（一）完善分配制度

1.Improving the system of income distribution

堅持按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存，構建初次分配、再分配、第三次分配協調配套的制度體系。

We will keep distribution according to work as the mainstay with multiple forms of distribution existing alongside it, and we will build an institutional framework under which primary, secondary, and tertiary distribution are well coordinated and mutually complementary.

（二）實施就業優先戰略

2.Implementing the employment-first strategy

強化就業優先政策，健全就業促進機制，促進高質量充分就業。

We need to intensify efforts to implement the employment-first policy and improve related mechanisms to promote high-quality and full employment.

（三）健全社會保障體系

3.Improving the social security system

健全覆蓋全民、統籌城鄉、公平統一、安全規范、可持續的多層次社會保障體系。

We will further improve the multi-tiered social security system that covers the entire population in urban and rural areas and see that it is fair, unified, reliable, well-regulated, and sustainable.

堅持房子是用來住的、不是用來炒的定位，加快建立多主體供給、多渠道保障、租購并舉的住房制度。

Adhering to the principle that housing is for living in and not for speculation, we will move faster to build a housing system featuring multiple suppliers and various channels of support that encourages both housing rentals and purchases.

（四）推進健康中國建設

4.Advancing the Healthy China Initiative

把保障人民健康放在優先發展的戰略位置，完善人民健康促進政策。

We must give strategic priority to ensuring the people's health and improve policies on promoting public health.

十、推動綠色發展，促進人與自然和諧共生

X.Pursuing Green Development and Promoting Harmony between Humanity and Nature

大自然是人類賴以生存發展的基本條件。

Nature provides the basic conditions for human survival and development.

必須牢固樹立和踐行綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，站在人與自然和諧共生的高度謀劃發展。

We must uphold and act on the principle that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and we must remember to maintain harmony between humanity and nature when planning our development.

（一）加快發展方式綠色轉型

1.Accelerating the transition to a model of green development

加快推動產業結構、能源結構、交通運輸結構等調整優化。

We must work faster to adjust and improve the industrial structure, the energy mix, and the composition of the transportation sector.

（二）深入推進環境污染防治

2.Intensifying pollution prevention and control

堅持精準治污、科學治污、依法治污，持續深入打好藍天、碧水、凈土保衛戰。

We will continue to control pollution in a lawful, targeted, and science-based way, and we will make further efforts to keep our skies blue, waters clear, and lands clean.

（三）提升生態系統多樣性、穩定性、持續性

3.Enhancing diversity, stability, and sustainability in our ecosystems

以國家重點生態功能區、生態保護紅線、自然保護地等為重點，加快實施重要生態系統保護和修復重大工程。

Major projects for preserving and restoring key ecosystems will be carried out at a faster pace in priority areas, including key national ecosystem service zones, ecological conservation redlines, and nature reserves.

（四）積極穩妥推進碳達峰碳中和

4.Working actively and prudently toward the goals of reaching peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality

立足我國能源資源稟賦，堅持先立后破，有計劃分步驟實施碳達峰行動。

Based on China's energy and resource endowment, we will advance initiatives to reach peak carbon emissions in a well-planned and phased way in line with the principle of building the new before discarding the old.

十一、推進國家安全體系和能力現代化，堅決維護國家安全和社會穩定

XI.   Modernizing China's National Security System and Capacity and Safeguarding National

Security and Social Stability

國家安全是民族復興的根基，社會穩定是國家強盛的前提。

National security is the bedrock of national rejuvenation, and social stability is a prerequisite for building a strong and prosperous China.

必須堅定不移貫徹總體國家安全觀，把維護國家安全貫穿黨和國家工作各方面全過程，確保國家安全和社會穩定。

We must resolutely pursue a holistic approach to national security and promote national security in all areas and stages of the work of the Party and the country, so as to ensure national security and social stability.

（—）健全國家安全體系

1.Improving the national security system

堅持黨中央對國家安全工作的集中統一領導，完善高效權威的國家安全領導體制。

We must uphold the Central Committee's centralized, unified leadership over national security work and make sure that our leadership system for national security is high-performing and authoritative.

（二）增強維護國家安全能力

2.Strengthening our capacity for safeguarding national security

堅定維護國家政權安全、制度安全、意識形態安全，加強重點領域安全能力建設，確保糧食、能源資源、重要產業鏈供應鏈安全，加強海外安全保障能力建設，維護我國公民、法人在海外合法權益，維護海洋權益，堅定捍衛國家主權、安全、發展利益。

We will resolutely safeguard the security of China's state power, systems, and ideology and build up security capacity in key areas. We will ensure the security of food, energy, and resources as well as key industrial and supply chains. We will strengthen our capacity to ensure overseas security and protect the lawful rights and interests of Chinese citizens and legal entities overseas. We will safeguard China's maritime rights and interests and resolutely defend our country's sovereignty, security, and development interests.

（三）提高公共安全治理水平

3.Enhancing public safety governance

堅持安全第一、預防為主，建立大安全大應急框架，完善公共安全體系，推動公共安全治理模式向事前預防轉型。

We will follow the principles of putting safety first and placing emphasis on prevention, and we will establish an overall safety and emergency response framework. The public safety system will be

improved, and we will drive a shift in public safety governance toward a model of prevention.

（四）完善社會治理體系

4.Improving the social governance system

健全共建共治共享的社會治理制度，提升社會治理效能。

We will improve the social governance system based on collaboration, participation, and shared benefits, so as to make social governance more effective.

十二、實現建軍一百年奮斗目標，開創國防和軍隊現代化新局面

XII.  Achieving the Centenary Goal of the People's Liberation Army and Further Modernizing

National Defense and the Military

如期實現建軍一百年奮斗目標，加快把人民軍隊建成世界一流軍隊，是全面建設社會主義現代化國家的戰略要求。

Achieving the goals for the centenary of the People's Liberation Army in 2027 and more quickly elevating our people's armed forces to world-class standards are strategic tasks for building a modern socialist country in all respects.

人民軍隊始終是黨和人民完全可以信賴的英雄軍隊，有信心、有能力維護國家主權、統一和領土完整，有信心、有能力為實現中華民族偉大復興提供戰略支撐，有信心、有能力為世界和平與發展作出更大貢獻！

Our people's armed forces are a heroic fighting force that enjoys the full trust of the Party and the people. They have the confidence and the ability to safeguard China's sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity; the confidence and the ability to provide strategic support for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; and the confidence and the ability to make yet greater contributions to world peace and development.

十三、堅持和完善“一國兩制”，推進祖國統一

XIII. Upholding and Improving the Policy of One Country, Two Systems and Promoting

National Reunification

“一國兩制”是中國特色社會主義的偉大創舉，是香港、澳門回歸后保持長期繁榮穩定的最佳制度安排，必須長期堅持。

The policy of One Country, Two Systems is a great innovation of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It has proven to be the best institutional arrangement for ensuring sustained prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao after their return to the motherland. This policy must be adhered to over the long term.

我們堅持以最大誠意、盡最大努力爭取和平統一的前景，但決不承諾放棄使用武力，保留采取一切必要措施的選項，這針對的是外部勢力干涉和極少數“臺獨”分裂分子及其分裂活動，絕非針對廣大臺灣同胞。

We will continue to strive for peaceful reunification with the greatest sincerity and the utmost effort, but we will never promise to renounce the use of force, and we reserve the option of taking all measures necessary. This is directed solely at interference by outside forces and the few separatists seeking "Taiwan independence" and their separatist activities; it is by no means targeted at our Taiwan compatriots.

國家統一、民族復興的歷史車輪滾滾向前，祖國完全統一一定要實現，也一定 夠實現！

The wheels of history are rolling on toward China's reunification and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Complete reunification of our country must be realized, and it can, without doubt, be realized!